# エクスポーター

Site [llms.txt](/ja/llms.txt)

---

[OpenTelemetryコレクター](/docs/collector/)にテレメトリーを送信し、正しくエクスポートされることを確認してください。
本番環境でコレクターを使用することはベストプラクティスです。
テレメトリーを可視化するために、[Jaeger](https://jaegertracing.io/)、[Zipkin](https://zipkin.io/)、
[Prometheus](https://prometheus.io/)、または[ベンダー固有](/ecosystem/vendors/)のようなバックエンドにエクスポートしてください。



## 使用可能なエクスポーター {#available-exporters}

レジストリには、[PHP 用のエクスポーターのリスト][reg]が含まれています。





エクスポーターの中でも、[OpenTelemetry Protocol (OTLP)][OTLP]エクスポーターは、OpenTelemetryのデータモデルを考慮して設計されており、OTelデータを情報の損失なく出力します。
さらに、多くのテレメトリーデータを扱うツールがOTLPに対応しており（たとえば、[Prometheus][]、[Jaeger][]やほとんどの[ベンダー][vendors]）、必要なときに高い柔軟性を提供します。
OTLPについて詳細に学習したい場合は、[OTLP仕様][OTLP]を参照してください。

[Jaeger]: /blog/2022/jaeger-native-otlp/
[OTLP]: /docs/specs/otlp/
[Prometheus]: https://prometheus.io/docs/prometheus/2.55/feature_flags/#otlp-receiver
[reg]: </ecosystem/registry/?component=exporter&language=php>
[vendors]: /ecosystem/vendors/



このページでは、主要なOpenTelemetry PHP エクスポーターとその設定方法について説明します。








> [!NOTE]
>
> [ゼロコード計装](/docs/zero-code/php/)を使用している場合は、
> [ゼロコード設定でエクスポーターをセットアップ](/docs/zero-code/php/auto/#configuration)できます。

## OTLP {#otlp}

トレースデータを OTLP エンドポイント（[Collector](/docs/collector) や Jaeger など）に送信するには、`open-telemetry/exporter-otlp` パッケージと `psr/http-client-implementation` を満たす HTTP クライアントが必要です。

```shell
composer require \
  open-telemetry/exporter-otlp \
  php-http/guzzle7-adapter
```

[gRPC](https://grpc.io/) エクスポーターを使用するには、`open-telemetry/transport-grpc` パッケージと `grpc` エクステンションもインストールする必要があります。

```shell
pecl install grpc
composer require open-telemetry/transport-grpc
```

次に、OTLP エンドポイントを指定してエクスポーターを設定します。
例:

     <ul class="nav nav-tabs" id="tabs-1" role="tablist">
  <li class="nav-item">
      <button class="nav-link active"
          id="tabs-01-00-tab" data-bs-toggle="tab" data-bs-target="#tabs-01-00" role="tab"
          data-td-tp-persist="grpc" aria-controls="tabs-01-00" aria-selected="true">
        gRPC
      </button>
    </li><li class="nav-item">
      <button class="nav-link"
          id="tabs-01-01-tab" data-bs-toggle="tab" data-bs-target="#tabs-01-01" role="tab"
          data-td-tp-persist="protobuf" aria-controls="tabs-01-01" aria-selected="false">
        protobuf
      </button>
    </li><li class="nav-item">
      <button class="nav-link"
          id="tabs-01-02-tab" data-bs-toggle="tab" data-bs-target="#tabs-01-02" role="tab"
          data-td-tp-persist="json" aria-controls="tabs-01-02" aria-selected="false">
        JSON
      </button>
    </li><li class="nav-item">
      <button class="nav-link"
          id="tabs-01-03-tab" data-bs-toggle="tab" data-bs-target="#tabs-01-03" role="tab"
          data-td-tp-persist="ndjson" aria-controls="tabs-01-03" aria-selected="false">
        NDJSON
      </button>
    </li>
</ul>

<div class="tab-content" id="tabs-1-content">
    <div class="tab-body tab-pane fade show active"
        id="tabs-01-00" role="tabpanel" aria-labelled-by="tabs-01-00-tab" tabindex="1">
        <div class="highlight"><pre tabindex="0" class="chroma"><code class="language-php" data-lang="php"><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="o">&lt;?</span><span class="nx">php</span>
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="k">require</span> <span class="no">__DIR__</span> <span class="o">.</span> <span class="s1">&#39;/vendor/autoload.php&#39;</span><span class="p">;</span>
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="k">use</span> <span class="nx">OpenTelemetry\API\Signals</span><span class="p">;</span>
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="k">use</span> <span class="nx">OpenTelemetry\Contrib\Grpc\GrpcTransportFactory</span><span class="p">;</span>
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="k">use</span> <span class="nx">OpenTelemetry\Contrib\Otlp\OtlpUtil</span><span class="p">;</span>
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="k">use</span> <span class="nx">OpenTelemetry\Contrib\Otlp\SpanExporter</span><span class="p">;</span>
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="k">use</span> <span class="nx">OpenTelemetry\SDK\Trace\SpanProcessor\SimpleSpanProcessor</span><span class="p">;</span>
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="k">use</span> <span class="nx">OpenTelemetry\SDK\Trace\TracerProvider</span><span class="p">;</span>
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="nv">$transport</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="k">new</span> <span class="nx">GrpcTransportFactory</span><span class="p">())</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="na">create</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">&#39;http://jaeger:4317&#39;</span> <span class="o">.</span> <span class="nx">OtlpUtil</span><span class="o">::</span><span class="na">method</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">Signals</span><span class="o">::</span><span class="na">TRACE</span><span class="p">));</span>
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="nv">$exporter</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="k">new</span> <span class="nx">SpanExporter</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nv">$transport</span><span class="p">);</span>
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="nv">$tracerProvider</span> <span class="o">=</span>  <span class="k">new</span> <span class="nx">TracerProvider</span><span class="p">(</span>
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">    <span class="k">new</span> <span class="nx">SimpleSpanProcessor</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nv">$exporter</span><span class="p">)</span>
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="p">);</span>
</span></span></code></pre></div>
    </div>
    <div class="tab-body tab-pane fade"
        id="tabs-01-01" role="tabpanel" aria-labelled-by="tabs-01-01-tab" tabindex="1">
        <div class="highlight"><pre tabindex="0" class="chroma"><code class="language-php" data-lang="php"><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="o">&lt;?</span><span class="nx">php</span>
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="k">require</span> <span class="no">__DIR__</span> <span class="o">.</span> <span class="s1">&#39;/vendor/autoload.php&#39;</span><span class="p">;</span>
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="k">use</span> <span class="nx">OpenTelemetry\Contrib\Otlp\OtlpHttpTransportFactory</span><span class="p">;</span>
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="k">use</span> <span class="nx">OpenTelemetry\Contrib\Otlp\SpanExporter</span><span class="p">;</span>
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="k">use</span> <span class="nx">OpenTelemetry\SDK\Trace\SpanProcessor\SimpleSpanProcessor</span><span class="p">;</span>
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="k">use</span> <span class="nx">OpenTelemetry\SDK\Trace\TracerProvider</span><span class="p">;</span>
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="nv">$transport</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="k">new</span> <span class="nx">OtlpHttpTransportFactory</span><span class="p">())</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="na">create</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">&#39;http://jaeger:4318/v1/traces&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s1">&#39;application/x-protobuf&#39;</span><span class="p">);</span>
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="nv">$exporter</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="k">new</span> <span class="nx">SpanExporter</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nv">$transport</span><span class="p">);</span>
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="nv">$tracerProvider</span> <span class="o">=</span>  <span class="k">new</span> <span class="nx">TracerProvider</span><span class="p">(</span>
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">    <span class="k">new</span> <span class="nx">SimpleSpanProcessor</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nv">$exporter</span><span class="p">)</span>
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="p">);</span>
</span></span></code></pre></div>
    </div>
    <div class="tab-body tab-pane fade"
        id="tabs-01-02" role="tabpanel" aria-labelled-by="tabs-01-02-tab" tabindex="1">
        <div class="highlight"><pre tabindex="0" class="chroma"><code class="language-php" data-lang="php"><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="o">&lt;?</span><span class="nx">php</span>
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="k">require</span> <span class="no">__DIR__</span> <span class="o">.</span> <span class="s1">&#39;/vendor/autoload.php&#39;</span><span class="p">;</span>
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="k">use</span> <span class="nx">OpenTelemetry\Contrib\Otlp\OtlpHttpTransportFactory</span><span class="p">;</span>
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="k">use</span> <span class="nx">OpenTelemetry\Contrib\Otlp\SpanExporter</span><span class="p">;</span>
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="k">use</span> <span class="nx">OpenTelemetry\SDK\Trace\SpanProcessor\SimpleSpanProcessor</span><span class="p">;</span>
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="k">use</span> <span class="nx">OpenTelemetry\SDK\Trace\TracerProvider</span><span class="p">;</span>
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="nv">$transport</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="k">new</span> <span class="nx">OtlpHttpTransportFactory</span><span class="p">())</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="na">create</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">&#39;http://jaeger:4318/v1/traces&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s1">&#39;application/json&#39;</span><span class="p">);</span>
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="nv">$exporter</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="k">new</span> <span class="nx">SpanExporter</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nv">$transport</span><span class="p">);</span>
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="nv">$tracerProvider</span> <span class="o">=</span>  <span class="k">new</span> <span class="nx">TracerProvider</span><span class="p">(</span>
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">    <span class="k">new</span> <span class="nx">SimpleSpanProcessor</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nv">$exporter</span><span class="p">)</span>
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="p">);</span>
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="nv">$tracer</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nv">$tracerProvider</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="na">getTracer</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">&#39;io.opentelemetry.contrib.php&#39;</span><span class="p">);</span>
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="nv">$tracer</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="na">spanBuilder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">&#39;example&#39;</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="na">startSpan</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="na">end</span><span class="p">();</span>
</span></span></code></pre></div>
    </div>
    <div class="tab-body tab-pane fade"
        id="tabs-01-03" role="tabpanel" aria-labelled-by="tabs-01-03-tab" tabindex="1">
        <div class="highlight"><pre tabindex="0" class="chroma"><code class="language-php" data-lang="php"><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="o">&lt;?</span><span class="nx">php</span>
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="k">require</span> <span class="no">__DIR__</span> <span class="o">.</span> <span class="s1">&#39;/vendor/autoload.php&#39;</span><span class="p">;</span>
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="k">use</span> <span class="nx">OpenTelemetry\Contrib\Otlp\OtlpHttpTransportFactory</span><span class="p">;</span>
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="k">use</span> <span class="nx">OpenTelemetry\Contrib\Otlp\SpanExporter</span><span class="p">;</span>
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="k">use</span> <span class="nx">OpenTelemetry\SDK\Trace\SpanProcessor\SimpleSpanProcessor</span><span class="p">;</span>
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="k">use</span> <span class="nx">OpenTelemetry\SDK\Trace\TracerProvider</span><span class="p">;</span>
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="nv">$transport</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="k">new</span> <span class="nx">OtlpHttpTransportFactory</span><span class="p">())</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="na">create</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">&#39;http://jaeger:4318/v1/traces&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s1">&#39;application/x-ndjson&#39;</span><span class="p">);</span>
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="nv">$exporter</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="k">new</span> <span class="nx">SpanExporter</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nv">$transport</span><span class="p">);</span>
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="nv">$tracerProvider</span> <span class="o">=</span>  <span class="k">new</span> <span class="nx">TracerProvider</span><span class="p">(</span>
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">    <span class="k">new</span> <span class="nx">SimpleSpanProcessor</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nv">$exporter</span><span class="p">)</span>
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="p">);</span>
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="nv">$tracer</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nv">$tracerProvider</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="na">getTracer</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">&#39;io.opentelemetry.contrib.php&#39;</span><span class="p">);</span>
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="nv">$tracer</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="na">spanBuilder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">&#39;example&#39;</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="na">startSpan</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="na">end</span><span class="p">();</span>
</span></span></code></pre></div>
    </div>
</div>


次に、スパンを生成するために以下のコードを追加します。

```php
$tracer = $tracerProvider->getTracer('io.opentelemetry.contrib.php');
$tracer
  ->spanBuilder('example')
  ->startSpan()
  ->end();
```

上記の例を試すには、Docker コンテナで [Jaeger](https://www.jaegertracing.io/) を実行します。

```shell
docker run -d --name jaeger \
  -p 5778:5778 \
  -p 16686:16686 \
  -p 4317:4317 \
  -p 4318:4318 \
  -p 9411:9411 \
  jaegertracing/jaeger:latest
```

## Zipkin {#zipkin}

トレースの可視化に [Zipkin](https://zipkin.io/) を使用する場合は、まず Zipkin をセットアップする必要があります。
以下は、ローカルで Docker コンテナとして実行する方法です。

```shell
docker run --rm -d -p 9411:9411 --name zipkin openzipkin/zipkin
```

エクスポーターパッケージをアプリケーションの依存関係としてインストールします。

```shell
composer require open-telemetry/exporter-zipkin
```

Zipkin エクスポーターを使用し、Zipkin バックエンドにデータを送信するように例を更新します。

```php
$transport = \OpenTelemetry\SDK\Common\Export\Http\PsrTransportFactory::discover()
    ->create('http://zipkin:9411/api/v2/spans', 'application/json');
$zipkinExporter = new ZipkinExporter($transport);
$tracerProvider =  new TracerProvider(
    new SimpleSpanProcessor($zipkinExporter)
);
$tracer = $tracerProvider->getTracer('io.opentelemetry.contrib.php');
```

## エクスポートの遅延を最小限にする {#minimizing-export-delays}

ほとんどの PHP ランタイムは同期実行であり、処理をブロックします。
テレメトリーデータの送信は HTTP レスポンスがユーザーに届くまでの時間を[遅延させる可能性があります](/docs/specs/otel/performance/#shutdown-and-explicit-flushing-could-block)。

`fastcgi` を使用している場合は、ユーザーへのレスポンス送信後に `fastcgi_finish_request()` を呼び出すことで、テレメトリーデータの送信による遅延がリクエスト処理を妨げないようにできます。

テレメトリーデータの転送が遅い場合（特に外部やクラウドベースのバックエンド向け）の影響を最小限に抑えるには、[OpenTelemetry Collector](/docs/collector/) を[エージェント](/docs/collector/deploy/agent/)として使用することを検討してください。
エージェントはテレメトリーデータを素早く受け取り、バッチ処理してバックエンドに送信できます。
